As a gram-negative and microaerophilic bacterium, Helicobacter pylori (HP) is the main cause of chronic gastritis. Therefore, considering the high prevalence of HP infection worldwide, as well as the increasing prevalence of metabolic disorders, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between HP infection eradication and metabolic profile.

This prospective case-control study was performed on patients with HP infection whom referred to 8 medical centers in 3 countries (Iran, Egypt, and Vietnam) in 2020 – 2021. The metabolic profile of all of the participants evaluated before starting of treatment for HP eradication and 3 months after the treatment. Then changes of metabolic profile compared between those with successful HP eradication (group A) and subjects who failed to eradicate (group B).

Overall 199 patients included (46.7% male, average age 44.6 y, range 14-93). Racially 86.9% of participants were Caucasian. 177 cases (88.9%) diagnosed as non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD). The most prevalent therapeutic regimens include high dose amoxicillin dual therapy (44.7%) and clarithromycin base (27.1%). After treatment, 164 cases (824.%) achieved successful HP eradication and allocated as group A. Rest of participant who failed eradication, assigned as group B (35 cases). Baseline demographic characters of 2 groups were equal. Average changes of BMI after treatment in groups A and B were -0.1 and -0.4 respectively (P= 0.258). Except mild and non-significant increase of average HDL and LDL cholesterol in group A (+1 and +2.5 mg/dL respectively), versus no change in of these items in group B, other parameters of metabolic profile did not showed any changes after HP infection treatment regardless of successful eradication or treatment failure (P>0.05).

HP infection treatment in individuals without significant metabolic disorders does not affect metabolic parameters up to 3 months after eradication.