Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex of threatening conditions (such as hypertension, abdominal obesity and insulin resistance) for the occurrence of critical diseases. MetS has the potential to become an epidemiological challenge in terms of global development. The proven vital activity of gut microbiota alongside other underlying factors in most of the current disorders, promoted us to investigate the relationship between dominant Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla with MetS.

In this case-control study that lasted for 5 months in Tabriz, the medication and physiological records of 60 Middle-aged participants (30 targets with MetS, 30 healthy controls) were considered. Then, in the continuation of the anthropometric and biochemical tests of individuals, the frequency of the mentioned phyla was determined by analyzing the DNA extracted from the stool sample by quantitative PCR method.

Results of statistical tests for frequency data with a non-significant difference, reported a high number of Firmicutes and a low concentration of Bacteroidetes in the MetS group than healthy individuals respectively. The distinctiveness of some clinical metabolism pathways in the MetS group compared to the controls is another confirmed hypothesis of this study. The existence of a significant difference (Pv < 0.05) in body mass index, fasting glucose plasma, triglyceride and waist circumference was the reason for this conclusion.

: The outcomes of this study confirmed the parallelism of maladaptation in the composition of the gut microbiota and the increased risk of MetS. Hence, it is possible to prevent the subsequent damage of MetS by balancing the gut microbiota as a therapeutic approach.