Background and Purpose: Due to the industrialization process of cities, increasing pollution and opium use, lead poisoning is on the rise. Lead poisoning is one of the toxicities whose manifestations depend on the level of blood lead. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors associated with elevated serum lead level in patients with lead poisoning hospitalized in Tohid Hospital in Sanandaj.

Method: In this descriptive-analytical study, the medical records of 29 patients hospitalized hn Tohid Hospital, Sanandaj, between 2016 and 2017, were confirmed by detecting lead poisoning by measuring serum lead level Was evaluated. Demographic and clinical data were collected by checklists and their relationship with serum lead level was assessed.

Result: The results showed that 96.6% of the subjects were male And they had drug addiction (opium). The mean serum level of lead in the subjects was 85.48 mcg/dl, with a minimum and maximum of 59 mcg/dl and 213. Serum levels of lead were significantly higher in rural people (Median; IQR 85; 85 - 93) than in urban residents (Median; IQR 81; 68 - 85) (P = 0.01). Also, the level of lead in patients with neurologic symptoms was significantly higher than those with gastrointestinal symptoms (Median; IQR 156; 100 - .. vs 85; 69 - 85) (P = 0.01).

Conclusion: Due to the high fatality of lead poisoning in high doses and the irreversible effects of the resulting injuries, it is important to always consider lead poisoning in the differential diagnosis of opioid users with gastrointestinal and neurological symptoms.