Background: This study aimed to evaluate the etiology of colectomy in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients

Material: The present study is cross-sectional within the Iranian IBD cohort registry. Ninety-one UC patients who had colectomy surgery were invited for further evaluation. Then the patients were divided into two groups of colectomy due to dysplasia or cancer and colectomy for other reasons. Two trained questioners collected the information from patients and evaluated the body mass index (BMI) of patients

Results: Based on the result of this study, 51 (56 %) of participants were male. Among the 91 admitted patients, 28 had dysplasia or cancer and 63 did not have dysplasia or cancer. The mean age of participants was 54.3 ± 13.6 in dysplasia group and 43.6 ± 12.1 in no dysplasia group. Among the surveyed variables, age (OR = 1.06, 95 % CI 1.02–1.11, P value = 0.001), age the time of diagnosis of the disease (OR = 1.04, 95 % CI 1.00–1.09, P value = 0.019), age at the time of surgery (OR = 1.06, 95 % CI 1.02–1.11, P value = 0.002) were significantly associated with increased risk of dysplasia in UC patients with colectomy

Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, dysplasia is related to older age, age of diagnosis and surgery. These findings imply UC patients of advanced age are at higher risk of (colorectal cancer) CRC. We suggest that surveillance protocols and screening programs should be specified for these patients.