Early detection of colorectal cancer is the best way to reduce mortality due to it. The aim of this study was comparison of colon lesions in positive and negative FIT patients referred to PERSIAN Guilan cohort study (PGCS) in 2020

In a cross-sectional study on a number of populations of 6000 cohorts of elderly people in Guilan, after obtaining consent, stool samples were taken from individuals for FIT test. Then, these people underwent colonoscopy for further examinations and pathological samples were taken from the colon lesions found. The questionnaire included registration (demographic / clinical characteristics; completion of Bristol chart related to defecation habits and recording of FIT test results and colonoscopic findings). Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16 and the significance level was considered 0.05

In this study, FIT test was performed for 1158 people, of which 87 (7.5%) were positive and 1071 (92.5%) were negative. In the initial stage, 50 people from each group were examined. Fifty-one people under the age of 60, 54 women and 73 rural people. The results showed that a total of 52% had a lesion and 48% had no lesion. Those with positive FIT had significantly more lesions (P <0.001). The results of this study showed that there was no statistically significant difference between demographic and clinical characteristics and lesion location in patients with lesion with positive and negative FIT (P> 0.05). Also between pathology findings and adenomatous polyp with positive and negative FIT there was a statistically significant relationship (P <0.001).

Given that today tests such as FIT that are not invasive and are cheaper than colonoscopy can be used in the first stage of screening and this can be a big step in screening people and early detection of precancer-lesions and thus reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer and reduce deaths from this cancer. However, colonoscopy is still needed to check for the presence or absence of lesions in FIT-positive individuals